| Explain the biological and clinical foundations of immune checkpoint inhibition across the major gastroesophageal cancer subtypes. |
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| Evaluate and interpret predictive biomarkers—including PD-L1 CPS, MSI-H, and HER2—while recognizing their practical limitations and variability. |
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| Integrate evidence-based immunotherapy approaches into treatment planning for localized, metastatic, and refractory gastroesophageal cancers. |
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