Cardiovascular Disease Prevention

Course Topics

The ABCs of Primary and Secondary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

In recent years, improvements in outcomes related to cardiovascular disease have been due in part to the prioritization and progress of primary and secondary prevention efforts. Dr. Roger S. Blumenthal, an expert in the pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of cardiovascular disease, will compare and contrast the AHA/ACC and European guidelines and discuss the evidence for the changes in cardiovascular risk assessment guidelines.

Dr. Blumenthal was the principal developer of Johns Hopkins’ Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and is an official national spokesperson for the American Heart Association. He has co-written more than 700 articles dealing with many aspects of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease management.

Aspirin and Cardiac Disease Prevention

Who should be taking aspirin as prevention for heart disease? The efficacy of aspirin as secondary prevention –– to prevent another event in people who have had a heart attack or other cardiac disease –– is firmly established. However, whether people with no known cardiovascular disease should take daily aspirin as primary prevention –– to reduce their risk of a first event –– remains a highly controversial topic in preventive medicine. Dr. Blaha will provide some insight into this question by discussing primary prevention and cardiac CT, cardiac disease prevention as primary prevention –– with specific cases to illustrate his point –– and whether patients with no existing atherosclerotic disease should use aspirin.

Target Audience

Internal medicine physicians, general practitioners, gastroenterologists, surgeons, physician assistants, residents, nurses, nurse practitioners, cardiologists, interventional cardiologists, cardiothoracic surgeons, vascular surgeons, interventional radiologists, echocardiographers, pulmonologists, hematologists, general internists, primary care physicians, intensivists, emergency medicine physicians, hospitalists, pharmacists, respiratory therapy and technologists and other interested healthcare providers.

Learning Objectives

  • Explain the rationale for changes in 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk.
  • Apply the comprehensive “ABCDE” approach for all cardiovascular disease patients.
  • Examine the evidence supporting aggressive medical and lifestyle management of cardiovascular disease and recognize cardiac prevention as primary prevention. 
  • Discuss the use of aspirin in patients with no previous atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
  • Identify patients who should be taking aspirin as primary prevention.
Additional information
Bibliography: 
  • Kawashima H, Serruys PW, Ono M, et al. Impact of Optimal Medical Therapy on 10-Year Mortality After Coronary Revascularization. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2021;78(1):27-38. 
  • Maron, D. J., Mancini, G. J., Hartigan, P. M., Spertus, J. A., Sedlis, S. P., Kostuk, W. J., ... & COURAGE Trial Group. (2018). Healthy behavior, risk factor control, and survival in the COURAGE trial. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 72(19), 2297-2305.
  • Arnett, D. K., Blumenthal, R. S., Albert, M. A., Buroker, A. B., Goldberger, Z. D., Hahn, E. J., ... & Ziaeian, B. (2019). 2019 ACC/AHA guideline on the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 74(10), e177-e232.
  • Ajufo, E., Ayers, C. R., Vigen, R., Joshi, P. H., Rohatgi, A., de Lemos, J. A., & Khera, A. (2021). Value of coronary artery calcium scanning in association with the net benefit of aspirin in primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. JAMA cardiology, 6(2), 179-187.
  • Zheng, S. L., & Roddick, A. J. (2019). Association of aspirin use for primary prevention with cardiovascular events and bleeding events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Jama, 321(3), 277-287.
  • Boakye, E., Uddin, S.I., Obisesan, O. H., Osei, A.D., Dzaye, O., Sharma, G.,… & Blaha, M.J. (2021). Aspirin for cardiovascular disease prevention among adults in the United States: Trends, prevalence, and participant characteristics associated with use. American Journal of preventive cardiology, 8, 100256. 
  • Raber, I.; McCarthy, C. P., Vaduganathan, M., Bhatt, D. L., Wood, D. A., Cleland, J. G., ... & McEvoy, J. W. (2019). The rise and fall of aspirin in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. The Lancet, 393(10186), 2155-2167.
Course Summary
Available credit: 
  • 1.50 ABIM MOC II
  • 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
  • 1.50 General certificate of attendance
  • 1.50 Nurse Practitioners
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Nursing
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Pharmacy
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Respiratory Therapy
Course opens: 
05/01/2022
Course expires: 
04/30/2025

Roger S. Blumenthal, M.D., FACC, FAHA, FNLA
Director, Johns Hopkins Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Heart Disease
Kenneth Jay Pollin Professor of Cardiology, Professor of Medicine, Johns Hopkins Hospital
Baltimore, Maryland

Michael J. Blaha, M.D., MPH
Director of Clinical Research
Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
Professor of Medicine
Johns Hopkins Medicine
Baltimore, Maryland

Michael J. Blaha, M.D., MPH, faculty for this educational activity, is a researcher for Bayer, Novo Nordisk, and Amgen and a consultant for Kowa and Emocah. Dr. Blaha is also an adviser for Amgen, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Bayer, Roche, 89BIO, Kaleido, and Inozyme and an independent contractor for Bayer, Novo Nordisk, and Amgen.

Roger S. Blumenthal, M.D., faculty for this educational activity, has no relevant financial relationships with ineligible companies* to disclose, and has indicated that the presentation or discussion will not include off-label or unapproved product usage.

Theodore Feldman, M.D., FACC, FACP
Medical Director, Prevention and Community Health
Co-Medical Director, Lipid and Cardiometabolic Management Program
Miami Cardiac & Vascular Institute
Baptist Health South Florida
Head of Cardiology, Clinical Associate Professor of Medicine
Florida International University Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine

Michael B. Phillips, M.D., FACP
Assistant Professor of Medicine
Consultant, Division of Community 
Internal Medicine
Mayo Clinic Florida

John F. Rubin, M.D., FACP
Internal Medicine Physician
Co-Chair BRRH CME Committee
Boca Raton Regional Hospital
Baptist Health South Florida

Kenneth R. Rosenthal, M.D., FACP, FACG,AGAF
Gastroenterologist
Co-Chair BRRH CME Committee
Boca Raton Regional Hospital
Baptist Health South Florida

Theodore Feldman, M.D., FACC, FACP, conference director of this educational activity, is a member of the speakers’ bureau for Novo Nordisk, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly and Boeringer Ingelheim. Dr. Feldman has an executive role with Rightway Healthcare and is an owner of Cadence Solutions. 

Michael B. Phillips, M.D., FACP, conference director for this educational activity, has no relevant financial relationship with ineligible companies* to disclose.

Kenneth R. Rosenthal, M.D., conference director for this educational activity, is a member of the speakers’ bureau with Abbvie. 

John F. Rubin, M.D., conference director for this educational activity, has stock options with Astra Zeneca and Bristol Myers Squibb.  

All of the relevant financial relationships listed for these individuals have been mitigated.

Non-faculty contributors and others involved in the planning, development and editing/review of the content have no relevant financial relationships to disclose with ineligible companies*.  

*Ineligible companies - Companies whose primary business is producing, marketing, selling, re-selling, or distributing healthcare products used by or on patients.

Disclosure Policy and Disclaimer

Baptist Health South Florida is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.

Baptist Health South Florida designates this enduring material for a maximum of 1.5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™. Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.

American Board of Internal Medicine Maintenance of Certification

Successful completion of this CME activity, which includes participation in the evaluation component, enables the participant to earn up to 1.5 Medical Knowledge MOC points in the American Board of Internal Medicine's (ABIM) Maintenance of Certification (MOC) program. Participants will earn MOC points equivalent to the amount of CME credits claimed for the activity. It is the CME activity provider's responsibility to submit participant completion information to ACCME for the purpose of granting ABIM MOC credit.

Your participation information will be shared with specialty boards through the ACCME's PARS reporting system. Successful completion of a course examination is required. Submissions are recorded in approximately 48 hours. You will receive an email when your credits have been processed.

Through an agreement between the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education and the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada, medical practitioners participating in the Royal College MOC Program may record completion of accredited activities registered under the ACCME’s “CME in Support of MOC” program in Section 3 of the Royal College’s MOC Program.

Available Credit

  • 1.50 ABIM MOC II
  • 1.50 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit™
  • 1.50 General certificate of attendance
  • 1.50 Nurse Practitioners
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Nursing
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Pharmacy
  • 1.50 Florida Board of Respiratory Therapy
Please login or register for a Baptist Health CME account to take this course.


Your participation information will be shared with specialty boards through the ACCME's PARS reporting system. Successful completion of a course examination is required. Submissions are recorded in approximately 48 hours. You will receive an email when your credits have been processed.

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